Beef & Dairy
| Issue Group | Production Stage | Welfare Issue |
| Transport / Handling | Transport to Slaughterhouse | Handling / Movement of Animals |
| Transport to Slaughterhouse | Stress & Injury during transport | |
| Transport | Journey Time | |
| Lairage | Handling / Movement of Animals | |
| Stunning & Slaughter | Handling / Movement of Animals | |
| Genetics | Dairy Cow | Reduced Longevity of Dairy Cow |
| Dairy Cow | Extreme Genetics - selection for high milk yields | |
| Suckler Cow | Sire selection for high meat yields / caesarian section | |
| Health | Dairy Cow | Mastitis |
| Dairy Cow | Lameness | |
| Indoor Growing / Finishing | Vaccination / Health Programme | |
| Calf - 1st 24 hours | Colostrum Quality / Availability / Timing | |
| Dairy Cow | Metabolic Disorders | |
| Dairy Cow | Feed Composition (Balance - fibre / concentrates) / Metabolic Disorders | |
| Management / Husbandry | Dairy Cow | Comfortable Lying Area - bedding |
| Dairy Cow | Comfortable lying area - appropriate size for cow | |
| Indoor Growing / Finishing | Floor - Bedding / Slats | |
| Indoor Growing / Finishing | Space Allowance | |
| Indoor Growing / Finishing | Opportunity to perform natural behaviour | |
| Indoor Growing / Finishing | Handling System | |
| Calf Rearing | Housing Environment | |
| Suckler Cow | Provision of Feed | |
| Dairy Cow | Tethering | |
| Stun / Slaughter | Stunning & Slaughter | Effectiveness of Stun - Captive Bolt (also add other systems) |
| Mutilations | Calf Rearing / Growing | Dis-budding & Dehorning |
| Indoor Growing / Finishing | Castration | |
| Regional / Hot Climates | Suckler Cow | Provision of Water |
| Outdoor Growing / Finishing | Access to Shelter / Shade |
The authors gratefully acknowledge from the European Community financial participation under the Seventh Framework Programme for Research, Technological Development and Demonstration Activities, for the Support Action "EAWP" European Animal Welfare Platform, Grant Agreement KBBE-212326.
DISCLAIMER
This publication reflects only the author(s)'views and the European Community is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.
